In the quantum computer, as well as in its traditional analogue, information processing (transformation of set of entrance logic signals in target) is made by logic gates. «In the theory of quantum calculations it is shown that any algorithm with use of any quantity кубитов it is possible to realise on a basis one- and двухвходовых quantum gates», — the leading author of work David Hanneke (David Hanneke) explains. Experts have already learnt to create such gates and to carry out certain sequences of operations, however to design the universal processor while it was possible to nobody.

The American scientists have placed кубиты — two ions бериллия — in an electromagnetic trap, having added to them two ions of magnesium which promoted system cooling. As the number of possible transformations with participation of two кубитов is limited by nothing, authors, having taken advantage of the generator of random numbers, have chosen for check of 160 "programs". Each of them included 31 logic operation which were coded by laser Uf-impulses. The majority of operations were однокубитными, and in the course of programming fifteen operations from thirty one varied only.

Researchers have executed each such "program" on 900 times. Having compared the received results to theoretical calculations, they have calculated accuracy of work of the processor which has made about 79 percent. «Certainly, the probability of correct performance of separate logic operation exceeds 90 percent, but for their sequence we receive figure 79», — Mr. Hanneke makes comments.

Accuracy of work of the processor which can be used in practice, should exceed 99,99 %. According to scientists, such values are quite real: it is just necessary to think how to stabilise parametres of the laser and to optimise experiment geometry.

The full version of the report of researchers will be published in magazine Nature Physics; article pre-print can be downloaded from a site arXiv.